The purpose of this paper is to examine the territory and composition of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng and to reveal the status of residents who lived in the outside of the center of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng. First, various literature records and epigraph materials were reviewed to reveal the territory of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng. The territory of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng was generally similar to that of Ch’ungju-mok of Chosŏn Dynasty, but there were differences in some aspects. Approximately, it can be said that the territory of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng included Ch’ungju-si and parts of Ŭmsŏng-kun, Koesan-kun and so on.
The composition of Kugwŏn Sogyŏng was discussed based on the analysis of the biography of Kang Su(强⾸) and the archaeological excavation results. In the biography of Kang Su, Ŭpchung(⾢中) and Pugok(釜⾕) were presented as contrasting spaces. Ŭpchung was the center of Sogyŏng and corresponds to the area of T’app’yŏng-ri, Chungangt’ap-myŏn, Ch’ungju-si. Pugok is difficult to determine its location in detail, but it is considered to be a village in Kugwŏn Sogyŏng. It was estimated that Pugok where ironworks was located was not far from the center of Sogyŏng and was connected to the center by road.
Finally, through the case of a blacksmith from Pugok, the status of natives living outside the center of Sogyŏng was revealed. Like the Kang Su family, people who were transferred from capital of Silla to the center of Sogyŏng were organized in Pu (部), and could have Kolp’um(⾻品) and Kyŏngwi(京位). On the other hands, it is judged the residents living outside the central town were not organized in pu(部), and could not be created Kolp’um and Kyŏngwi. It can be said that the inside and outside of the center of Sogyŏng were distinguished by their status.