The introduction of gunpowder weapons is one of the factors that led to the drastic change in the fortification system in the late Joseon Dynasty. The Japanese military's tactics, armed with Musket, revealed the problem of defense facilities centered on town fortress, and after that, Joseon faced the task of supplementing the existing defense facilities. Around this time, it was 『GihyoSinseo』 introduced through the Ming Dynasty that had a great influence on Joseon's fortification system. Under the influence of this book, various fortification system were presented in Joseon, and by the 18th century, 『Mubiji』 was introduced, and 『Seongjego』, a book of fortification system, was compiled. So, the theory of fortification system in the late Joseon Dynasty was accumulated over a long period of time. However, the research so far has not focused on the mutual comparison of the theory of fortification system in the late Joseon Dynasty. In addition, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the theory of fortification system and the technology of construction through the results of many recent excavations.
The fortification system of 『GihyoSinseo』 presented the standard of fortresses to strengthen the walls, devised other standards and forms to cope with enemies armed with musket and arrows, and prepared various systems such as Chiseong, Ongseong, and hyeonan. In Joseon, this system was applied according to the situation, and during the Imjinwaeran, it was centered on strengthening the defense power of the Yeojang, and Poru the importance of artillery. In addition, In addition, Lee Si-bal broadly accepted China's theory of fortification system in the 「Suseongjoyak」 established the size of the fortress and the standard of Yeojang, and insisted on the introduction of defense facilities such as the Hyeonanhyeol, Osungji, Seongnang. and Yoo Hyeoung-won insisted on the introduction of the Japanese construction technology along with the previous construction technology in 『Bangyersurok』, and suggested a detailed construction technology. In the 18th century, the Chinese military book 『Mubiji』 was introduced. the synthesized various This book books such as pre-Myeongdae Byeongseo, 『GihyoSinseo』, 『Siljeongrok』, and 『Seongseo』, and had a great influence on the compilation of 『Seongjego』, the theory of the Joseon Dynasty. And the research results of a long period of study are largely reflected in the construction technology of Hwaseong Fortress in Suwon.
As such, while introducing the Chinese fortification system, studies suitable for our situation continued, and these contents developed as they were accumulated. And these theories were applied to actual fortress construction technology and became the driving force for the development of fortress construction technology in the late Joseon Dynasty.